The Maze procedure surgically treats AF by interrupting the circular electrical patterns. Strategic placement of incisions in both atria stops the conduction of errant electrical impulses and channels the normal electrical impulse in one direction from the top of the heart to the bottom. Scar tissue generated by the incisions permanently blocks the travel routes of the electrical impulses that cause AF, thus eradicating the arrhythmia. The major advantage the Maze procedure offers over other forms of therapy is that it corrects all three problems associated with AF by ablating the arrhythmia, restoring synchrony between the atria and the ventricles and preserving organized atrial contraction.

Modifications of the Maze procedure using radiofrequency make it faster and easier to perform and is almost as effective in controlling atrial fibrillation. Andrew Wechsler, MD, chair of cardiothoracic surgery, performs procedures using the new equipment at Hahnemann: "The procedures are not performed independently, but in conjunction with mitral valve repair or replacement. "